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    <title>logic on Digitable Courses</title>
    <link>https://courses.digitable.life/en/tags/logic/</link>
    <description>Recent content in logic on Digitable Courses</description>
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    <item>
      <title>Catalog of fallacies: 67 techniques with examples and answers</title>
      <link>https://courses.digitable.life/en/post/logic/13-fallacy-catalog/</link>
      <pubDate>Wed, 29 Jul 2026 12:00:00 +0300</pubDate>
      
      <guid>https://courses.digitable.life/en/post/logic/13-fallacy-catalog/</guid>
      <description>Full course reference: six fallacy families, sixty-seven fallacies, each with a substitution mechanics, everyday example, engineering case, and working answer.</description>
    </item>
    
    <item>
      <title>Logic Workshop: Argument Walkthrough from Thesis to Correction</title>
      <link>https://courses.digitable.life/en/post/logic/12-practice-cases-and-checklists/</link>
      <pubDate>Tue, 28 Jul 2026 12:00:00 +0300</pubDate>
      
      <guid>https://courses.digitable.life/en/post/logic/12-practice-cases-and-checklists/</guid>
      <description>Unified analysis card, diagnostic tree, engineering and everyday cases, tasks with solutions and the format on which the interactive trainer will be built.</description>
    </item>
    
    <item>
      <title>Scientific and engineering argumentation: from hypothesis to solution</title>
      <link>https://courses.digitable.life/en/post/logic/11-scientific-and-engineering-reasoning/</link>
      <pubDate>Tue, 28 Jul 2026 11:50:00 +0300</pubDate>
      
      <guid>https://courses.digitable.life/en/post/logic/11-scientific-and-engineering-reasoning/</guid>
      <description>Deduction, induction and abduction, hypothetico-deductive cycle, Mill&amp;rsquo;s methods, causal checks, evidence quality, SDD, RFC, code review and incident investigation.</description>
    </item>
    
    <item>
      <title>Cognitive biases and information environment: why knowing the list is not enough</title>
      <link>https://courses.digitable.life/en/post/logic/10-cognitive-biases-and-information-environment/</link>
      <pubDate>Tue, 28 Jul 2026 11:40:00 +0300</pubDate>
      
      <guid>https://courses.digitable.life/en/post/logic/10-cognitive-biases-and-information-environment/</guid>
      <description>How bias differs from fallacy, how confirmation, availability, anchoring, framing, sunk cost, hindsight, groupthink work, and what processes actually reduce their influence.</description>
    </item>
    
    <item>
      <title>Causal, probabilistic and statistical fallacies</title>
      <link>https://courses.digitable.life/en/post/logic/09-causal-probabilistic-statistical-fallacies/</link>
      <pubDate>Tue, 28 Jul 2026 11:30:00 +0300</pubDate>
      
      <guid>https://courses.digitable.life/en/post/logic/09-causal-probabilistic-statistical-fallacies/</guid>
      <description>Correlation and causality, confounding factors, base rate, prosecutor&amp;rsquo;s fallacy, survivorship, regression to the mean, small samples, p-hacking, Simpson&amp;rsquo;s paradox and honest work with uncertainty.</description>
    </item>
    
    <item>
      <title>Presumption and ambiguity fallacies: when an argument silently assumes something in advance</title>
      <link>https://courses.digitable.life/en/post/logic/08-presumption-and-ambiguity-fallacies/</link>
      <pubDate>Tue, 28 Jul 2026 11:20:00 +0300</pubDate>
      
      <guid>https://courses.digitable.life/en/post/logic/08-presumption-and-ambiguity-fallacies/</guid>
      <description>Circle, complex question, burden of proof, false dilemma, special pleading, moving goalposts, slippery slope, equivocation, composition, division and categorical fallacies.</description>
    </item>
    
    <item>
      <title>Relevance fallacies: person attack, position substitution, and question evasion</title>
      <link>https://courses.digitable.life/en/post/logic/07-relevance-and-position-fallacies/</link>
      <pubDate>Tue, 28 Jul 2026 11:10:00 +0300</pubDate>
      
      <guid>https://courses.digitable.life/en/post/logic/07-relevance-and-position-fallacies/</guid>
      <description>Ad hominem, straw man, red herring, whataboutism, false authority, popularity, tradition, emotions and consequences: when a reply does not support the stated thesis.</description>
    </item>
    
    <item>
      <title>Modern Logic Fallacies: Implications, Quantifiers and Modality</title>
      <link>https://courses.digitable.life/en/post/logic/06-modern-formal-fallacies/</link>
      <pubDate>Tue, 28 Jul 2026 11:00:00 +0300</pubDate>
      
      <guid>https://courses.digitable.life/en/post/logic/06-modern-formal-fallacies/</guid>
      <description>Invalid patterns detected regardless of the topic: affirming the consequent, denying the antecedent, false disjunction, quantifier shift, existential and modal leap.</description>
    </item>
    
    <item>
      <title>Aristotle&#39;s Thirteen Fallacies: the First Systematic Catalog of Fallacies</title>
      <link>https://courses.digitable.life/en/post/logic/05-aristotle-sophistical-refutations/</link>
      <pubDate>Tue, 28 Jul 2026 10:50:00 +0300</pubDate>
      
      <guid>https://courses.digitable.life/en/post/logic/05-aristotle-sophistical-refutations/</guid>
      <description>Six linguistic and seven non-linguistic sources of spurious refutation in &amp;ldquo;On Sophistical Refutations&amp;rdquo;: from homonymy and amphiboly to false cause, complex question and thesis substitution.</description>
    </item>
    
    <item>
      <title>Enthymeme and rhetorical proof: how to restore hidden premises</title>
      <link>https://courses.digitable.life/en/post/logic/04-enthymeme-and-rhetorical-proof/</link>
      <pubDate>Tue, 28 Jul 2026 10:40:00 +0300</pubDate>
      
      <guid>https://courses.digitable.life/en/post/logic/04-enthymeme-and-rhetorical-proof/</guid>
      <description>Why real arguments are abbreviated, how Aristotle and Chelpanov understood enthymeme, how to reconstruct hidden premises, work with examples, signs, maxims, ethos, and pathos.</description>
    </item>
    
    <item>
      <title>Categorical syllogisms: figures, modes, and inference checking</title>
      <link>https://courses.digitable.life/en/post/logic/03-categorical-syllogisms/</link>
      <pubDate>Tue, 28 Jul 2026 10:30:00 +0300</pubDate>
      
      <guid>https://courses.digitable.life/en/post/logic/03-categorical-syllogisms/</guid>
      <description>How Aristotelian syllogism is structured: major, minor, and middle terms, four figures, valid modes, distribution, diagrams, and typical fallacies.</description>
    </item>
    
    <item>
      <title>Judgments, negation, and the square of opposition</title>
      <link>https://courses.digitable.life/en/post/logic/02-propositions-and-opposition/</link>
      <pubDate>Tue, 28 Jul 2026 10:20:00 +0300</pubDate>
      
      <guid>https://courses.digitable.life/en/post/logic/02-propositions-and-opposition/</guid>
      <description>How statements are built from concepts: A/E/I/O, quality and quantity, distribution, square of opposition, transformations, quantifiers, and the scope of negation.</description>
    </item>
    
    <item>
      <title>Concepts, definitions and classifications: where a fallacy arises even before inference</title>
      <link>https://courses.digitable.life/en/post/logic/01-concepts-definitions-classification/</link>
      <pubDate>Tue, 28 Jul 2026 10:10:00 +0300</pubDate>
      
      <guid>https://courses.digitable.life/en/post/logic/01-concepts-definitions-classification/</guid>
      <description>Term and concept, content and scope, genus and species, rules of definition and division; circle, substitution of the basis, too broad a boundary and other modeling fallacies.</description>
    </item>
    
    <item>
      <title>How humanity learned to reason: from Aristotle to programs and categories</title>
      <link>https://courses.digitable.life/en/post/logic/14-history-and-levels-of-abstraction/</link>
      <pubDate>Tue, 28 Jul 2026 10:05:00 +0300</pubDate>
      
      <guid>https://courses.digitable.life/en/post/logic/14-history-and-levels-of-abstraction/</guid>
      <description>Two complete versions of one story: the human path from belief to proof and the engineering path from requirements to types, policies, tests, and architecture.</description>
    </item>
    
    <item>
      <title>Logic and Fallacies: Learning Map from Aristotle to Engineering Solutions</title>
      <link>https://courses.digitable.life/en/post/logic/00-overview/</link>
      <pubDate>Tue, 28 Jul 2026 10:00:00 +0300</pubDate>
      
      <guid>https://courses.digitable.life/en/post/logic/00-overview/</guid>
      <description>How a good reasoning is structured, why a catalog of names does not replace analysis, and what route to follow from concepts and syllogisms to causality, statistics, and argumentation in development.</description>
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